Aktywność sportowa a spożywanie alkoholu wśród młodzieży. Wyzwania dla edukacji i zarządzania profilaktyką
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34813/24coll2025Słowa kluczowe:
alkohol, sport, młodzież, szkody związane z alkoholem, polityka alkoholowa, picie nieletnich, upijanie się, alkohol i sportAbstrakt
Badania pokazują, że wzorce spożywania alkoholu wśród młodszych osób nadal są alarmujące, pomimo zmian w trendach konsumpcyjnych odnotowanych w niektórych krajach. Najbardziej narażona na szkody wynikające z używania alkoholu jest młodzież. Sport jest często postrzegany jako zachowanie prozdrowotne i czynnik chroniący przed spożyciem alkoholu. Celem przeglądu literatury było poszukiwanie związków między zaangażowaniem w sport a spożywaniem alkoholu i wynikających z tego wniosków dla edukacji i zarządzania profilaktyką. Do przeprowadzenia przeglądu literatury wykorzystano elektroniczne bazy danych: JSTOR, ProQuest Central i EBSCO. W przeglądzie uwzględniono artykuły opublikowane w latach 2000–2019 w języku angielskim. Zidentyfikowano łącznie 600 unikalnych tekstów, spośród których po wstępnej selekcji dalszej analizie pod kątem przyjętych kryteriów kwalifikacji poddano 67 artykułów. Do ostatecznej analizy zakwalifikowano 32 artykuły. Przeprowadzone analizy dają niejednoznaczne wyniki. Dwadzieścia trzy badania wykazały pozytywny związek między zaangażowaniem w sport a spożywaniem alkoholu. W ośmiu badaniach nie zaobserwowano żadnego związku, a tylko jedno wykazało związek negatywny. Badania podłużne sugerują, że ryzykowne zachowania w młodym wieku mają znaczące konsekwencje dla wzorców picia w wieku dorosłym. Założenie o ochronnym oddziaływaniu uprawiania sportu wydaje się kontrowersyjne, zwłaszcza w przypadku niektórych rodzajów aktywności, takich jak sporty zespołowe czy lekkoatletyka. Zaleca się dokładne badanie, gdy planowane są programy profilaktyczne. Dalsze badania są niezbędne, aby lepiej zrozumieć związek między spożyciem alkoholu, uczestnictwem w sportach młodzieżowych i alternatywami promocji zdrowia.
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Prawa autorskie (c) 2025 Bartłomiej Walczak, Jakub Kołodziejczyk, Anna Walczak, Sandra Tricas-Sauras
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
